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The mineral pyrite (/ ˈ p aɪ r aɪ t / PY-ryte), [6] or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula Fe S 2 (iron (II) disulfide). Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide mineral .
The group is named for its most common member, pyrite (fool's gold), which is sometimes explicitly distinguished from the group's other members as iron pyrite. Pyrrhotite (magnetic pyrite) is magnetic, and is composed of iron and sulfur, but it has a different structure and is not in the pyrite group.
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The Iberian Pyrite Belt is a vast geographical area with particular geological features that stretches along much of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, from Portugal to Spain. It is about 250 km long and 30–50 km wide, running northwest to southeast from Alcácer do Sal (Portugal) to Sevilla (Spain). [ 1 ]
Also, the mineral pyrite is both the most common and most abundant sulfide mineral in the Earth's crust. [6] If rocks containing pyrite undergo metamorphism, there is a gradual release of volatile components like water and sulfur from pyrite. [6] The loss of sulfur causes pyrite to recrystallize into pyrrhotite. [6]
Marcasite reacts more readily than pyrite under conditions of high humidity. The product of this disintegration is iron(II) sulfate and sulfuric acid. The hydrous iron sulfate forms a white powder consisting of the mineral melanterite, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O. [13] This disintegration of marcasite in mineral collections is known as "pyrite decay".
Hauerite is a sulfide mineral in the pyrite group.It is the mineral form of Manganese(IV) disulfide MnS 2.It forms reddish brown or black octahedral crystals with the pyrite structure and it is usually found associated with the sulfides of other transition metals such as rambergite.
In this case, the pyrite has dissolved away yielding a cube shape and residual gold. This break down is the main driver of acid mine drainage. Sub-surface mining often progresses below the water table, so water must be constantly pumped out of the mine in order to prevent flooding. When a mine is abandoned, the pumping ceases, and water floods ...