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  2. Nephron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron

    Fig.1) Schematic diagram of the nephron (yellow), relevant circulation (red/blue), and the four methods of altering the filtrate. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. [3] This means that each separate nephron is where the main work of the kidney is performed. A nephron is made of two parts:

  3. Renal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology

    This filtrate then flows along the length of the nephron, which is a tubular structure lined by a single layer of specialized cells and surrounded by capillaries. The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine.

  4. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    This filtrate then flows along the length of the nephron, which is a tubular structure lined by a single layer of specialized cells and surrounded by capillaries. The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine.

  5. Urinary system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system

    The filtrate includes water, small molecules, and ions that easily pass through the filtration membrane. However, larger molecules such as proteins and blood cells are prevented from passing through the filtration membrane. The amount of filtrate produced every minute is called the glomerular filtration rate or GFR and amounts to 180 litres per ...

  6. Juxtaglomerular apparatus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juxtaglomerular_apparatus

    The juxtaglomerular apparatus (also known as the juxtaglomerular complex) is a structure in the kidney that regulates the function of each nephron, the functional units of the kidney. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named because it is next to (juxta- [ 1 ] ) the glomerulus .

  7. Renal corpuscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_corpuscle

    Diagram of the circulation related to a single glomerulus, associated tubule, and collecting system The renal corpuscle in the cortex (outer layer) of the kidney. At the top, the renal corpuscle containing the glomerulus. The filtered blood exits into the renal tubule as filtrate, at right. At left, blood flows from the afferent arteriole (red ...

  8. Mammalian kidney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian_kidney

    This part of the nephron in mammals is most at risk of ischemic or toxic damage. [200] In addition, the repair of nephrons occurs in the course of normal physiological activity throughout the life due to the shedding of tubular epithelial cells. [202] The glomerulus has a complex structure, and its ability to recover after injury is limited. [203]

  9. Glomerular basement membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_basement_membrane

    The glomerular basement membrane of the kidney is the basal lamina layer of the glomerulus.The glomerular endothelial cells, the glomerular basement membrane, and the filtration slits between the podocytes perform the filtration function of the glomerulus, separating the blood in the capillaries from the filtrate that forms in Bowman's capsule. [1]