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These methods are often more time-consuming than entering the values into a VCF calculator; however, due to the variance in methodology and computation of constants, the tables published by the American Petroleum Institute are preferred when dealing with the purchase and sale of crude oil and residual fuels.
Micro carbon residue, commonly known as "MCR" is a laboratory test used to determine the amount of carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions. The test is used to provide some indication of a material's coke-forming tendencies.
There are advantages to field testing and on-board conversion of measured volumes to volume correction. This method is detailed in ASTM D287. [4] The hydrometer method is a standard technique for directly measuring API gravity of petroleum and petroleum products. [5]
For burner fuel, Concarbon provides an approximation of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners. [ 4 ] For diesel fuel , Concarbon correlates approximately with combustion chamber deposits, provided that alkyl nitrates are absent, or if present, that the test is performed on the base fuel without ...
FPIT – free-point indicator tool; FPL – flow analysis log; FPLP – freshman petroleum learning program (Penn State) [citation needed] FPLAN – field plan log; FPS – field production system; FPO – floating production and offloading – vessel with no or very limited (process only) on-board produced fluid storage capacity.
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ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is a standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical international standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems and services. Some 12,575 apply globally.
ASTM method D4007 [2] or API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards chapter 10.4 [3] are commonly used to measure BS&W. These methods both consist of mixing equal volumes of solvent and crude oil then centrifuging in order to separate any solids, free water, or suspended particles.