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Cereals and legumes, sometimes categorized as grains, is often the largest category in nutrition guides. [4] [5] [6] Cereal examples include wheat, rice, oats, barley, bread and pasta. Legumes are also known as pulses and include beans, soy beans, lentils and chickpeas.
Durum wheat [2] (/ ˈ dj ʊər ə m /), also called pasta wheat [3] or macaroni wheat (Triticum durum or Triticum turgidum subsp. durum), [4] is a tetraploid species of wheat. [5] It is the second most cultivated species of wheat after common wheat , although it represents only 5% to 8% of global wheat production. [ 6 ]
Wheat grain classes are named by colour, season, and hardness. [74] The classes used in the United States are: [75] [76] Durum – Hard, translucent, light-coloured grain used to make semolina flour for pasta and bulghur; high in protein, specifically, gluten protein. [75] [76]
Freshly dug peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), indehiscent legume fruits. Grain legumes are cultivated for their seeds, [21] for humans and animals to eat, or for oils for industrial uses. Grain legumes include beans, lentils, lupins, peas, and peanuts. [22] Legumes are a key ingredient in vegan meat and dairy substitutes. They are growing in use as a ...
Thus, a combination of legumes with grains forms a well-balanced diet for vegetarians. Such combinations include dal (lentils) with rice by South Indians and Bengalis , beans with maize tortillas , tofu with rice, and peanut butter with wholegrain wheat bread (as sandwiches) in several other cultures, including the Americas. [ 79 ]
Semolina made from hard durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is pale yellow in color. [7] It may be milled either coarse or fine, and both are used in a wide variety of sweet and savory dishes, including many types of pasta. Semolina ground, plain (left) and toasted (right) Semolina made from common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is
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Pasta con i peperoni cruschi, an Italian pasta dish from Basilicata, defined a true representative of cucina povera ('the cuisine of the poor') [2] Pasta e fagioli , a traditional Italian pasta soup Pasta mollicata , Italian pasta dish from southern Italy, especially Basilicata, often known as a "poor man's dish" [ 3 ]