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  2. Nonstress test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonstress_test

    A nonstress test (NST) is a screening test used in pregnancy to assess fetal status by means of the fetal heart rate and its responsiveness. A cardiotocograph is used to monitor the fetal heart rate and presence or absence of uterine contractions. The test is typically termed "reactive" (also "reassuring") or "nonreactive" (also "nonreassuring ...

  3. Contraction stress test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_stress_test

    A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy (34 weeks' gestation) to determine how well the fetus will cope with the contractions of childbirth. The aim is to induce contractions and monitor the fetus to check for heart rate abnormalities using a cardiotocograph. A CST is one type of antenatal fetal surveillance ...

  4. Biophysical profile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biophysical_profile

    A biophysical profile (BPP) is a prenatal ultrasound evaluation of fetal well-being involving a scoring system, [1] with the score being termed Manning's score. [2] It is often done when a non-stress test (NST) is non reactive, or for other obstetrical indications. The "modified biophysical profile" consists of the NST and amniotic fluid index ...

  5. Cardiotocography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiotocography

    Cardiotocography sound Schematic explanation of cardiotocography: heart rate (A) is calculated from fetal heart motion determined by ultrasound, and uterine contractions are measured by a tocodynamometer (B). These numbers are represented on a time scale with the help of a running piece of paper, producing a graphical representation.

  6. Cardiac stress test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_stress_test

    A cardiac stress test is a cardiological examination that evaluates the cardiovascular system's response to external stress within a controlled clinical setting. This stress response can be induced through physical exercise (usually a treadmill) or intravenous pharmacological stimulation of heart rate.

  7. Fetal distress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_distress

    It is characterized by changes in fetal movement, growth, heart rate, and presence of meconium stained fluid. [ 4 ] Risk factors for fetal distress/non-reassuring fetal status include anemia , restriction of fetal growth , maternal hypertension or cardiovascular disease, low amniotic fluid or meconium in the amniotic fluid, or a post-term ...

  8. Vibroacoustic stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibroacoustic_stimulation

    Vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS), sometimes referred to as fetal vibroacoustic stimulation or fetal acoustic stimulation test (FAST), is the application of a vibratory sound stimulus to the abdomen of a pregnant woman to induce FHR (fetal heart rate) accelerations.

  9. Echocardiography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echocardiography

    Echocardiography, also known as cardiac ultrasound, is the use of ultrasound to examine the heart. It is a type of medical imaging , using standard ultrasound or Doppler ultrasound . [ 1 ] The visual image formed using this technique is called an echocardiogram , a cardiac echo , or simply an echo .