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The Keying was a Chinese ship that employed a junk sailing rig. Scale model of a Tagalog outrigger ship with junk sails from Manila, 19th century. The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail, Chinese balanced lug sail, or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward of the mast.
Chinese junks were originally only fluvial and had square sails, but by the Song dynasty (c. 960 to 1279), they adopted ocean-going technologies acquired from Southeast Asian k'un-lun po trade ships. Tanja sails and fully-battened junk rigs were introduced to Chinese junks by the 12th century CE. [1] [2]
Keying (Chinese: 耆 英, p Qíyīng) was a three-masted, 800-ton Fuzhou Chinese trading junk which sailed from China around the Cape of Good Hope to the United States and Britain between 1846 and 1848. Her voyage was significant as it was one of the earliest instances of a Chinese sailing vessel making a transoceanic journey to the Western world.
A junk (left) and a lorcha (right) in 1936 near Sambu Island, Indonesia. Model of a lorcha in the Macau Museum, 2011. The lorcha is a type of sailing vessel having a junk rig with a Cantonese or other Chinese-style batten sails on a Portuguese or other European-style hull.
[13]: 18 The junk rig in particular, became associated with Chinese coast-hugging trading ships. [14] [15]: 22 [13]: 20–21 Junks in China were constructed from teak with pegs and nails; they featured watertight compartments and acquired center-mounted tillers and rudders. [16]
The Tek Sing was a large three-masted Chinese ocean-going junk which sank on 6 February 1822, in an area of the South China Sea known as the Belvidere Shoals. [1] The vessel was 50 meters in length, 10 meters wide and had a burden of about 800–900 tons. [2]
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A Chinese Song dynasty naval river ship with a Xuanfeng traction-trebuchet catapult on its top deck, taken from an illustration of the Wujing Zongyao (1044 AD). One of the oldest known Chinese books written on naval matters was the Yuejueshu (Lost Records of the State of Yue) of 52 AD, attributed to the Han dynasty scholar Yuan Kang. [1]