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  2. Superabsorbent polymer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superabsorbent_polymer

    A SAP's ability to absorb water depends on the ionic concentration of the aqueous solution. In deionized and distilled water, a SAP may absorb 300 times its weight [4] (from 30 to 60 times its own volume) and can become up to 99.9% liquid, and when put into a 0.9% saline solution the absorbency drops to approximately 50 times its weight.

  3. Hygroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygroscopy

    Deliquescent materials are sufficiently hygroscopic that they dissolve in the water they absorb, forming an aqueous solution. Hygroscopy is essential for many plant and animal species' attainment of hydration, nutrition, reproduction and/or seed dispersal.

  4. Molecular sieve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_sieve

    They can absorb water and other species with a critical diameter less than 4 Å such as NH 3, H 2 S, SO 2, CO 2, C 2 H 5 OH, C 2 H 6, and C 2 H 4. Bottle of 4A molecular sieves Some molecular sieves are used to assist detergents as they can produce demineralized water through calcium ion exchange, remove and prevent the deposition of dirt.

  5. Desiccant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccant

    The desiccant helps to prevent the condensation of moisture between the panes. Another use of zeolites is in the "dryer" component of refrigeration systems to absorb water carried by the refrigerant, whether residual water left over from the construction of the system, or water released by the degradation of other materials over time.

  6. Hydrogel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel

    Water sustainability: Hydrogels have emerged as promising materials platforms for solar-powered water purification, [67] water disinfection, [68] and atmospheric water generator. [69] Disposable diapers where they absorb urine, or in sanitary napkins [25] Dressings for healing of burn or other hard-to-heal wounds.

  7. Phase-change material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-change_material

    Many natural building materials are hygroscopic, that is they can absorb (water condenses) and release water (water evaporates). The process is thus: Condensation (gas to liquid) ΔH<0; enthalpy decreases (exothermic process) gives off heat. Vaporization (liquid to gas) ΔH>0; enthalpy increases (endothermic process) absorbs heat (or cools).

  8. Polypropylene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylene

    Polypropylene is a major polymer used in nonwovens, with over 50% used [citation needed] for diapers or sanitary products where it is treated to absorb water (hydrophilic) rather than naturally repelling water (hydrophobic).

  9. Absorption (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_(chemistry)

    Absorption is a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules or ions enter the liquid or solid bulk phase of a material. This is a different process from adsorption , since molecules undergoing absorption are taken up by the volume, not by the surface (as in the case for adsorption).

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