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The main olfactory bulb has a multi-layered cellular architecture. In order from surface to the center the layers are: Glomerular layer; External plexiform layer; Mitral cell layer; Internal plexiform layer; Granule cell layer; The olfactory bulb transmits smell information from the nose to the brain, and is thus necessary for a proper sense of ...
In the olfactory bulb, the ORNs synapse with termination in the glomeruli. [6] Each glomerulus receives input from olfactory receptor neurons expressing only one type of olfactory receptor. The glomerular activation patterns within the olfactory bulb are thought to represent the quality of the odor being detected.
Human Olfactory bulbs and Olfactory tracts outlined in red. The olfactory system is a vital sense, and its dysfunction may lead to a reduced quality of life, an inability to determine hazardous odors, decreased pleasure in eating, and poor mental health. [32]
The Lady and the Unicorn, a Flemish tapestry depicting the sense of smell, 1484–1500. Musée national du Moyen Âge, Paris.. Early scientific study of the sense of smell includes the extensive doctoral dissertation of Eleanor Gamble, published in 1898, which compared olfactory to other stimulus modalities, and implied that smell had a lower intensity discrimination.
The olfactory epithelium contains olfactory sensory neurons, whose axons innervate the olfactory bulb. In order for olfactory sensory neurons to function properly, they must express odorant receptors and the proper transduction proteins on non-motile cilia that extend from the dendritic knob in addition to projecting their axons to the ...
Mitral cells are a neuronal cell type in the mammalian olfactory bulb, distinguished by the position of their somata located in an orderly row in the mitral cell layer of the bulb. [4] They typically have a single primary dendrite, which they project into a single glomerulus in the glomerular layer, and a few lateral dendrites that project ...
This allows the granule cells to regulate the processing of the sensory input in the olfactory bulb. [21] The olfactory bulb transmits smell information from the nose to the brain, and is thus necessary for a proper sense of smell. Granule cells in the olfactory bulb have also been found to be important in forming memories linked with scents. [22]
The anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) also called the anterior olfactory cortex, is a major early processing area for olfaction located behind the olfactory bulb, and in the olfactory tract (olfactory peduncle). The AON connects the olfactory processing centres of both hemispheres. [1]