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For example, the synthesis of paracetamol typically requires three separate reactions. Divergent synthesis starts with a common intermediate, which branches into multiple final products through distinct reaction pathways. Convergent synthesis synthesis involves the combination of multiple intermediates synthesized independently to create a ...
In a combinatorial synthesis, when using only single starting material, it is possible to synthesize a large library of molecules using identical reaction conditions that can then be screened for their biological activity. This pool of products is then split into three equal portions containing each of the three products, and then each of the ...
Robinson annulation is one notable example of a wider class of chemical transformations termed Tandem Michael-aldol reactions, that sequentially combine Michael addition and aldol reaction into a single reaction. As is the case with Robinson annulation, Michael addition usually happens first to tether the two reactants together, then aldol ...
One example of a synthesis reaction is the combination of iron and sulfur to form iron(II) sulfide: + Another example is simple hydrogen gas combined with simple oxygen gas to produce a more complex substance, such as water.
The first example of an enantioselective nitroaldol reaction was reported in 1992 using Shibasaki catalysts. [11] One of the most frequently employed methods for inducing enantio- or diastereoselectivity in the Henry reaction is the use of chiral metal catalysts, in which the nitro group and carbonyl oxygen coordinate to a metal that is bound ...
The Ugi reaction has been applied in combination with an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction [16] in an extended multistep reaction. A reaction in its own right is the Ugi–Smiles reaction with the carboxylic acid component replaced by a phenol. In this reaction the Mumm rearrangement in the final step is replaced by the Smiles rearrangement. [17]
In another example, the Nicolaou's total synthesis of Taxol uses this reaction, although coupling stops with the formation of a cis-diol, rather than an olefin. Optimized procedures employ the dimethoxyethane complex of TiCl 3 in combination with the Zn(Cu). The first porphyrin isomer, porphycene, was synthesised by McMurry coupling. [8]
The Stetter reaction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to form carbon-carbon bonds through a 1,4-addition reaction utilizing a nucleophilic catalyst. [1] While the related 1,2-addition reaction, the benzoin condensation , was known since the 1830s, the Stetter reaction was not reported until 1973 by Dr. Hermann Stetter. [ 2 ]