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  2. Lambda phage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_phage

    The life cycle of lambda phages is controlled by cI and Cro proteins. The lambda phage will remain in the lysogenic state if cI proteins predominate, but will be transformed into the lytic cycle if cro proteins predominate. The cI dimer may bind to any of three operators, O R 1, O R 2, and O R 3, in the order O R 1 > O R 2 > O R 3.

  3. Integration host factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_host_factor

    In the lambda phage, it is specifically E. coli. The wild type, having a temperate life cycle, allows the virus to exist in 2 life cycle stages, A lysogeny, and a lytic stage. During these life cycles it destroys the cell through the process of lysis, during the lysis process the offspring of the virus are released from the burst cell.

  4. Ligation (molecular biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligation_(molecular_biology)

    Restriction enzymes can generate a wide variety of ends in the DNA they digest, but in cloning experiments most commonly-used restriction enzymes generate a 4-base single-stranded overhang called the sticky or cohesive end (exceptions include NdeI which generates a 2-base overhang, and those that generate blunt ends). These sticky ends can ...

  5. Sticky and blunt ends - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sticky_and_blunt_ends

    The simplest DNA end of a double stranded molecule is called a blunt end. Blunt ends are also known as non-cohesive ends. In a blunt-ended molecule, both strands terminate in a base pair. Blunt ends are not always desired in biotechnology since when using a DNA ligase to join two molecules into one, the yield is significantly lower with blunt ...

  6. Spindle checkpoint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle_checkpoint

    Three types of cell division: binary fission (taking place in prokaryotes), mitosis and meiosis (taking place in eukaryotes).. When cells are ready to divide, because cell size is big enough or because they receive the appropriate stimulus, [20] they activate the mechanism to enter into the cell cycle, and they duplicate most organelles during S (synthesis) phase, including their centrosome.

  7. ERCC excision repair 6 like, spindle assembly checkpoint ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercc_excision_repair_6...

    236930 Ensembl ENSG00000186871 ENSMUSG00000051220 UniProt Q2NKX8 Q8BHK9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_017669 NM_001009954 NM_146235 RefSeq (protein) NP_060139 NP_001009954 NP_666347 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 72.2 – 72.24 Mb Chr X: 101.19 – 101.2 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse ERCC excision repair 6 like, spindle assembly checkpoint helicase is a protein that in humans is encoded ...

  8. Cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle

    The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G 1 phase, S phase (synthesis), G 2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm and cell membrane divides forming two daughter cells.

  9. Mobile genetic elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_genetic_elements

    Simultaneously the donor strand is ligated to the target strand after cleavage leaving a single strand overhang on either end of the target sequence. These sites usually contain a 5 to 9 base pair overhang that can create a cohesive end. [10] Transposase then holds the sequence in a crossed formation and ligates the donor strand to the target ...