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The evolution of Earth's radiogenic heat flow over time. The radioactive decay of elements in the Earth's mantle and crust results in production of daughter isotopes and release of geoneutrinos and heat energy, or radiogenic heat. About 50% of the Earth's internal heat originates from radioactive decay. [17]
The heat of Earth is replenished by radioactive decay at a rate of 30 TW. [26] The global geothermal flow rates are more than twice the rate of human energy consumption from all primary sources. Global data on heat-flow density are collected and compiled by the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC) of the IASPEI/IUGG. [27]
The geothermal heat flow from the Earth's interior is estimated to be 47 terawatts (TW) [12] and split approximately equally between radiogenic heat and heat left over from the Earth's formation. This corresponds to an average flux of 0.087 W/m 2 and represents only 0.027% of Earth's total energy budget at the surface, being dwarfed by the 173 ...
is the surface heat flow [W] at the surface of the Earth (and mantle), = / is the secular cooling heat from the mantle, and , , and are the mass, specific heat, and temperature of the mantle. Q rad {\displaystyle Q_{\text{rad}}} is the radiogenic heat production in the mantle and Q cmb {\displaystyle Q_{\text{cmb}}} is the heat flow from the ...
The Earth's internal thermal energy flows to the surface by conduction at a rate of 44.2 terawatts (TW), [19] and is replenished by radioactive decay of minerals at a rate of 30 TW. [20] These power rates are more than double humanity's current energy consumption from all primary sources, but most of this energy flux is not recoverable.
A map of heat flow from Earth's interior to the surface of Earth's crust, mostly along the oceanic ridges. The major contributors to Earth's internal heat are primordial heat (heat left over from Earth's formation) and radiogenic heat (heat produced by radioactive decay). [136]
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Mantle convection is the very slow creep of Earth's solid silicate mantle as convection currents carry heat from the interior to the planet's surface. [2] [3] Mantle convection causes tectonic plates to move around the Earth's surface. [4] The Earth's lithosphere rides atop the asthenosphere, and the two form the components of the upper mantle ...