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The Congreve rocket was a type of rocket artillery designed by British inventor Sir William Congreve in 1808. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The design was based upon the rockets deployed by the Kingdom of Mysore against the East India Company during the Second , Third , and Fourth Anglo-Mysore Wars .
Sir William Congreve, 2nd Baronet KCH FRS (20 May 1772 – 16 May 1828) was a British Army officer, Tory politician, publisher and inventor. [1] A pioneer in the field of rocket artillery , he was renowned for his development and use of Congreve rockets during the Napoleonic Wars .
William Congreve was born in Stafford on 4 July 1742. He and his first wife, Rebecca Elmston, had four children together, two sons and two daughters. [1] His eldest son, William Congreve, invented the Congreve Rocket. [2] His second wife, Julia-Elizabeth Eyre, died aged 78 in 1831. [3] Congreve was made a Baronet on 7 December 1812. [4]
The Congreve baronetcy, of Walton in the County of Stafford, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 7 December 1812 for William Congreve, best remembered for his innovations in the production of gunpowder. He was succeeded by his son, William, the second Baronet, who gained fame as the inventor of the Congreve rocket. The title ...
British Rockets at Fort McHenry; Congreve, William (1827), A treatise on the general principles, powers, and facility of application of the Congreve Rocket system, as compared with artillery: Illustr. by pl. of the principal exercises and cases of actual service: With a demonstration of the comparative economy of the system. (Longman).
On the 1821 whaling voyage Fame carried Congreve rockets. Sir William Congreve equipped her with rockets at his own expense to test their utility in whaling hunting. The Master General of Ordnance and the First Lord of the Admiralty had Lieutenant Colquhoun and two Marine artillerymen accompany the rockets as observers.
Several rocket cases were collected from Mysore and sent to Britain for analysis. Their first demonstration of solid-fuel rockets came in 1805 and was followed by publication of A Concise Account of the Origin and Progress of the Rocket System in 1807 by William Congreve, [15] son of the arsenal's commandant.
Congreve rocket – William Congreve; Depth charge; Dreadnought battleship – HMS Dreadnought; The side by side Boxlock action, AKA the double barrelled shotgun – Anson and Deeley; Percussion ignition; Turret ship – Although designs for a rotating gun turret date back to the late 18th century, HMS Trusty was the first warship to be ...