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For example, many programming languages provide special syntax for referencing and updating array elements. Abstractly, an array reference is a procedure of two arguments: an array and a subscript vector, which could be expressed as get_array(Array, vector(i,j)). Instead, many languages provide syntax such as Array[i,j].
In this example, it's used for instantiating the OUT class, which is the class for the standard output. The + operator has been overloaded by the class to append the string passed as argument to the stream. Operators such as + are syntactic sugar for conventionally named method calls: a + b stands for a.plus(b). The usual arithmetic precedence ...
Mercury is a functional logic programming language made for real-world uses. The first version was developed at the University of Melbourne, Computer Science department, by Fergus Henderson, Thomas Conway, and Zoltan Somogyi, under Somogyi's supervision, and released on April 8, 1995.
A similar example was the lock screen command that stopped visual updating, which was a short form for set the lockscreen to true, where lockscreen is a property of HyperCard itself—also a container. Many examples of this sort of syntactic sugar were found in HyperTalk, in order to simplify the syntax and improve readability of common code.
In the programming language Dylan, which is an object-oriented language that supports multimethods and doesn't have a concept of this, sending a message to an object is still kept in the syntax. The two forms below work in the same way; the differences are just syntactic sugar. object.method(param1, param2) and method (object, param1, param2)
p. q is syntactic sugar for p ["q"]. function p. q is syntactic sugar for p ["q"] = function. function builds a function. It doesn't declare it. Functions are first-class objects and can be assigned to variables, placed in tables, serialized into strings, and deserialized back out again. Think interpreted, not compiled.
The PAT syntax is similar, but not identical, to CSP M. [26] The principal differences between the PAT syntax and standard CSP M are the use of semicolons to terminate process expressions, the inclusion of syntactic sugar for variables and assignments, and the use of slightly different syntax for internal choice and parallel composition.
CAL added some syntactic sugar to this basic concept by adding the new modifier UNLESS, which, depending on the context, led to more obvious code; TYPE "IT IS NOT EQUAL TO FIVE" UNLESS X=5. [6] In JOSS, to assign the value 5 to a variable A if the value of B was larger than 10, and 0 otherwise, the code would be: Set A=5 if B>10. Set A=0 if B<=10.