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Panthera is a genus within the family Felidae, and one of two extant genera in the subfamily Pantherinae.It contains the largest living members of the cat family. There are five living species: the jaguar, leopard, lion, snow leopard and tiger, as well as a number of extinct species, including the cave lion and American lion.
Leopard (Panthera pardus), found in Africa and Asia Black panther , a name for the phenotypic genetic variant that forms the black leopard or jaguar Cougar , a big cat that is not in the subfamily Pantherinae, but is commonly referred to as a panther
Several anatomical studies of remains of Panthera spelaea were conducted during the early-mid 19th century, who generally agreed that the species had lion affinities. [4] During the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century, Panthera spelaea was often regarded as a subspecies of the modern lion, and therefore as Panthera leo spelaea.
A complete skull was described in 1954 as Panthera schaubi, [2] but was assigned in 1965 to a new genus as Viretailurus schaubi due to distinct differences from other pantherine cats. [3] In 2001, however, it was pointed out that the various puma-like fossils in Eurasia could all be attributed to a single species, Puma pardoides.
The Pantherinae is a subfamily of the Felidae; it was named and first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1917 as only including the Panthera species, [2] but later also came to include the clouded leopards (genus Neofelis).
Phylogeny of the genus Panthera based on a 2016 nuclear DNA study [36] The tiger shares the genus Panthera with the lion , leopard , jaguar and snow leopard . Results of genetic analyses indicate that the tiger and snow leopard are sister species whose lineages split from each other between 2.70 and 3.70 million years ago. [ 37 ]
Panthera leo melanochaita is a lion subspecies in Southern and East Africa. [1] In this part of Africa, lion populations are regionally extinct in Lesotho, Djibouti and Eritrea, and are threatened by loss of habitat and prey base, killing by local people in retaliation for loss of livestock, and in several countries also by trophy hunting. [2]
Panthera gombaszoegensis, also known as the European jaguar, is a Panthera species that lived from about 2.0 to 0.35 million years ago in Europe, as well as likely elsewhere in Eurasia. [1] The first fossils were excavated in 1938 in Gombasek Cave , Slovakia . [ 2 ]