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The second vaccine, an oral polio vaccine (OPV), is a live-attenuated vaccine, produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature. The passage of virus produces mutations within the viral genome, and hinders the virus's ability to infect nervous tissue. [6]
There are two kinds of polio vaccine—oral polio vaccine (OPV), which uses weakened poliovirus, and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), which is injected. OPV is less expensive and easier to administer, and can spread immunity beyond the person vaccinated, creating contact immunity. It has been the predominant vaccine used.
Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
The polio vaccine has all but obliterated the illness that once killed thousands and paralyzed 15,000 people nationwide every year. ... While an oral polio vaccine (OPV) is administered in some ...
Paralysis from the polio virus is rare. This year, polio cases have been detected in New York state, London and Jerusalem. ... it might say OPV, which is the oral polio vaccine. For the latest ...
After the vaccines — there are two: trivalent inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), introduced in 1955, and trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in 1963 — the number of polio cases ...
While the PHS stalled, the USSR sent millions of doses of the oral vaccine to places with polio epidemics, such as Japan. [10] Sabin's first oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), for use against type 1 polioviruses, was licensed in the United States in 1961. His vaccines for type 2 and type 3 polioviruses were licensed in 1962.
They are the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) — an injection given in the leg or arm, depending on the age of the patient — and the oral polio vaccine, though IPV is the only polio vaccine ...