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More evidence related to the frequency and dosage of injections as it relates to long-term outcomes is needed in order to support or refute the use of botulinum toxin in the management of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. [65] Dosages of botulinum toxin have been based on expert opinion rather than evidence-based practices.
Doctor William John Little's first recorded encounter with cerebral palsy is reported to have been among children who displayed signs of spastic diplegia. [4] [5] [6] It primarily affects the legs, although there may be considerable asymmetry between the two sides. As its name suggests, spasticity is a particularly prominent element of this ...
Spastic cerebral palsy is caused by malformation of or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement. [12] What exactly makes some children susceptible to such brain damage is often unknown but it is believed that cerebral palsy may be the result of causal pathways, or chains of events that cause or increase the likelihood of brain injury. [13]
Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR), less often referred to as selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR), is the most widely used form of rhizotomy, and is today a primary treatment for spastic diplegia, best done in the youngest years before bone and joint deformities from the pull of spasticity take place.
The clinical underpinnings of two of the most common spasticity conditions, spastic cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis, can be described as follows: in spastic diplegia, the upper motor neuron lesion arises often as a result of neonatal asphyxia, while in conditions like multiple sclerosis, spasticity is thought by some to be as a result of ...
Dementia is a devastating condition that impacts up to 10 percent of older adults. And while there's no cure, getting diagnosed early can help patients get on a treatment plan and families prepare ...
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In addition, for children with CP, leisure appears to enhance adjustment to living with a disability. [179] Leisure can be divided into structured (formal) and unstructured (informal) activities. [180] Children and teens with CP engage in less habitual physical activity than their peers. [181]