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Sarcopenia (ICD-10-CM code M62.84 [1]) is a type of muscle loss that occurs with aging and/or immobility. It is characterized by the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength. The rate of muscle loss is dependent on exercise level, co-morbidities, nutrition and other factors.
Sarcopenic obesity is a combination of two disease states, sarcopenia and obesity.Sarcopenia is the muscle mass/strength/physical function loss associated with increased age, [1] and obesity is based off a weight to height ratio or body mass index (BMI) that is characterized by high body fat or being overweight.
Vascular dementia is the second-most-common form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease in older adults. [4] The prevalence of the illness is 1.5% in Western countries and approximately 2.2% in Japan.
Inflammation is a general marker of tissue damage in any disease, and may be either secondary to tissue damage in Alzheimer's disease or a marker of an immunological response. [114] There is increasing evidence of a strong interaction between the neurons and the immunological mechanisms in the brain.
In the elderly, this often leads to decreased biological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors known as the "frailty syndrome." [3] Loss of lean body mass is also associated with increased risk of infection, decreased immunity, and poor wound healing. The weakness that accompanies muscle atrophy leads to higher risk of falls ...
Osteoporosis can affect nearly 1 in 3 women and the bone loss is the most rapid within the first 2–3 years after menopause. This can be prevented by menopause hormone therapy or MHT, which is meant to prevent bone loss and the degradation of the bone microarchitecture and is noted to reduce the risk of fractures in bones by 20-30%.
These thought-provoking and funny shows tickled our ears over the past year. Illustration:Jianan Liu/HuffPost; Photo: Betwixt the Sheets, Second Life, We're Here To Help, Hysterical
Recurring infections by latent herpes viruses can exhaust the immune system of elderly persons. [12] Consistent, repeated stimulation by such pathogens leads to preferential differentiation of the T-cell memory phenotype, and a 2020 review reported that CD8+ T-cell precursors, specific for the most rare and less frequently present antigens shed ...