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In statistics, a concordant pair is a pair of observations, each on two variables, (X 1,Y 1) and (X 2,Y 2), having the property that ...
Twins are concordant when both have or both lack a given trait. [ 1 ] The ideal example of concordance is that of identical twins , because the genome is the same, an equivalence that helps in discovering causation via deconfounding , regarding genetic effects versus epigenetic and environmental effects ( nature versus nurture ).
For a group of twins in which at least one member of each pair is affected, probandwise concordance is a measure of the proportion of twins who have the illness who have an affected twin and can be calculated with the formula of 2C/(2C+D), in which C is the number of concordant pairs and D is the number of discordant pairs. For example ...
A pair {(,), (,)} is said to be tied if and only if = or =; a tied pair is neither concordant nor discordant. When tied pairs arise in the data, the coefficient may be modified in a number of ways to keep it in the range [−1, 1]:
The concordance correlation coefficient is nearly identical to some of the measures called intra-class correlations.Comparisons of the concordance correlation coefficient with an "ordinary" intraclass correlation on different data sets found only small differences between the two correlations, in one case on the third decimal. [2]
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Herb Baumeister’s macabre double life began to unravel in 1994 when his 13-year-old son found a human skull and a pile of bones in the woods of Fox Hollow Farm, his $1 million estate in ...
Somers’ D takes values between when all pairs of the variables disagree and when all pairs of the variables agree. Somers’ D is named after Robert H. Somers, who proposed it in 1962. [1] Somers’ D plays a central role in rank statistics and is the parameter behind many nonparametric methods. [2]