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Non ideal compressible fluid dynamics (NICFD), or non ideal gas dynamics, is a branch of fluid mechanics studying the dynamic behavior of fluids not obeying ideal-gas thermodynamics. It is for example the case of dense vapors , supercritical flows and compressible two-phase flows .
In mathematics, and specifically differential geometry, a density is a spatially varying quantity on a differentiable manifold that can be integrated in an intrinsic manner. Abstractly, a density is a section of a certain line bundle , called the density bundle .
A polytrope with index n = 3 is a good model for the cores of white dwarfs of higher masses, according to the equation of state of relativistic degenerate matter. [7] A polytrope with index n = 3 is usually also used to model main-sequence stars like the Sun, at least in the radiation zone, corresponding to the Eddington standard model of ...
A chart for a topological space M is a homeomorphism from an open subset U of M to an open subset of a Euclidean space. The chart is traditionally recorded as the ordered pair ( U , φ ) {\displaystyle (U,\varphi )} .
Neutral density is a function of latitude and longitude. This spatial dependence is a fundamental property of neutral surfaces. From ( 1 ), the gradients of S {\displaystyle S} and θ {\displaystyle \theta } within a neutral surface are aligned, hence their contours are aligned, hence there is a functional relationship between these variables ...
Peter Jenniskens and David F. Blake demonstrated in 1994 that a form of high-density amorphous ice is also created during vapor deposition of water on low-temperature (< 30 K) surfaces such as interstellar grains. The water molecules do not fully align to create the open cage structure of low-density amorphous ice.
Connectionism is an approach to the study of human mental processes and cognition that utilizes mathematical models known as connectionist networks or artificial neural networks. [1] Connectionism has had many "waves" since its beginnings.
In cognitive psychology, a mindset is the cognitive process activated in a task. [8] In addition to the field of cognitive psychology, the study of mindset is evident in the social sciences and other fields (such as positive psychology). Characteristic of this area of study is its fragmentation among academic disciplines. [8] [6]