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The final step of the Wolff–Kishner reduction is the collapse of the dimide anion 2 in the presence of a proton source to give the hydrocarbon via loss of dinitrogen to afford an alkyl anion 3, which undergoes rapid and irreversible acid-base reaction with solvent to give the alkane. Evidence for this high-energy intermediate was obtained by ...
All alkanes react with oxygen in a combustion reaction, although they become increasingly difficult to ignite as the number of carbon atoms increases. The general equation for complete combustion is: C n H 2n+2 + ( 3 / 2 n + 1 / 2 ) O 2 → (n + 1) H 2 O + n CO 2 or C n H 2n+2 + ( 3n + 1 / 2 ) O 2 → (n + 1) H 2 O + n CO 2
Similar reactions occur when tertiary phosphines are treated with alkyl halides, the products being phosphonium salts. Menshutkin-reaction. Thiols are readily alkylated to give thioethers via the thiol-ene reaction. [4] The reaction is typically conducted in the presence of a base or using the conjugate base of the thiol.
A 3D model of ethyne (), the simplest alkyneIn organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. [1] The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula C n H 2n−2.
The alkyne zipper reaction is an organic reaction that involves isomerization of a non terminal alkyne into a terminal alkyne. This reaction was first reported by Alexey Favorsky in 1887 (J. Russ. Phys.-Chem. Soc., 19, 414 (1887)). Also, this reaction was reported by Charles Allen Brown and Ayako Yamashita in 1975. [1]
The applicable substrates that undergo a Favorskii reaction are limited when compared to the conventional reaction because using an excess of hydroxide base introduces aldol condensation as a more significant competing side reaction. [3] Since enolates do not react with acetylene, the reaction can be often be a poor substitute for the ...
Due to the activated nature of the cyclic carbon–carbon triple bond, many alkyne addition-type reactions such as the Diels–Alder, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and halogenation may be performed using very mild conditions and in the absence of the catalysts frequently required to accelerate the transformation in a non-cyclic system. In addition ...
β-Hydride elimination is a reaction in which an alkyl group bonded to a metal centre is converted into the corresponding metal-bonded hydride and an alkene. [1] The alkyl must have hydrogens on the β-carbon. For instance butyl groups can undergo this reaction but methyl groups cannot.