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The gas flow rate is constant (i.e., steady) during the period of the propellant burn. The gas flow is non-turbulent and axisymmetric from gas inlet to exhaust gas exit (i.e., along the nozzle's axis of symmetry). The flow is compressible as the fluid is a gas. As the combustion gas enters the rocket nozzle, it is traveling at subsonic velocities.
Grossly overexpanded nozzles have improved efficiency, but the exhaust jet is unstable. Conventional nozzles become progressively more underexpanded as they gain altitude. [1] The basic concept of any engine bell is to efficiently direct the flow of exhaust gases from the rocket engine into one direction.
Choked flow is a limiting condition where the mass flow cannot increase with a further decrease in the downstream pressure environment for a fixed upstream pressure and temperature. For homogeneous fluids, the physical point at which the choking occurs for adiabatic conditions is when the exit plane velocity is at sonic conditions; i.e., at a ...
Enthalpy-Entropy diagram of stagnation state. In fluid dynamics, a stagnation point is a point in a flow field where the local velocity of the fluid is zero. The isentropic stagnation state is the state a flowing fluid would attain if it underwent a reversible adiabatic deceleration to zero velocity.
Diagram of a de Laval nozzle, showing approximate flow velocity (v), together with the effect on temperature (T) and pressure (p) A de Laval nozzle (or convergent-divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con-di nozzle) is a tube which is pinched in the middle, with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence.
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Filtered vs. unfiltered coffee. Filtering coffee is healthier than drinking it unfiltered, according to a study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. This one key step in the ...
Simple interest vs. compound interest Simple interest refers to the interest you earn on your principal balance only. Let's say you invest $10,000 into an account that pays 3% in simple interest.