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Several public schools were opened for "untouchable" communities after 1895 but the right to primary education was limited in scope. [13] State funding of education became effective in 1904 [ 15 ] but even after the government ordered schools to admit children "untouchable" castes in 1907, local officials found ways to refuse it. [ 13 ]
Prominent reformist leaders such as Narayana Guru and Ayyankali hailed from castes that were deemed lower in the social hierarchy of 19th century Kerala. Consequently, leaders like Guru and Ayyankali focused on the abolition of the caste system rather than its reformation.
Sanulla Makti Thangal (Arabic: سيّد سناء الله مكتي) was the renaissance leader of Muslim society in Malabar of British India and the advocate of western education in Mappila. He was a reformer in Kerala Muslim Society.
Like all renaissance leaders, he emphasized the importance education especially that of women education. Sivayogi brought and read many scholarly authoritative texts. He learned and interpreted the Sanskrit texts and borrowed important passages to highlight and cement his ideology.
Mookencheril Cherian Joseph, popularly known as Yukthivadi M. C. Joseph, was an eminent rationalist from Kerala, India. [1] He was one of the very significant figures of Kerala Renaissance too. [citation needed] Joseph was born on 6 January 1887 at Thripunithura in Kerala. His father was Cherian "Kuncheria" of the Mookencheril house and his ...
Dakshayani Velayudhan (4 July 1912 – 20 July 1978) was an Indian politician and leader of the oppressed classes.Belonging to the Pulayar community, she was among the first generation of [1] people to be educated from the community.
Rao Sahib Ayyathan Gopalan (3 March 1861 – 2 May 1948), popularly known as Darsarji and Darsar Sahib ("Darsar" means "doctor", derived from Latin word "docere" for doctor), was an Indian doctor, surgeon, professor, writer, philanthropist, social reformer, and Renaissance leader from Kerala.
Vakkom Mohammed Abdul Khader Moulavi (() 28 December 1873 – () 31 October 1932), popularly known as Vakkom Moulavi [5] was a social reformer, [6] teacher, prolific writer, Muslim scholar, journalist, freedom fighter and newspaper proprietor in Travancore, a princely state of the present day Kerala, India.