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In countries where dogs commonly have the disease, more than 99% of rabies cases in humans are the direct result of dog bites. [11] In the Americas, bat bites are the most common source of rabies infections in humans, and less than 5% of cases are from dogs. [1] [11] Rodents are very rarely infected with rabies. [11]
In the United States, domestic cats are the most commonly reported rabid animal. [17] In the United States, as of 2008, between 200 and 300 cases are reported annually; [18] in 2017, 276 cats with rabies were reported. [19] As of 2010, in every year since 1990, reported cases of rabies in cats outnumbered cases of rabies in dogs. [17]
Rabies (hydrophobia) is a fatal viral disease that can affect any mammal, although the close relationship of dogs with humans makes canine rabies a zoonotic concern. Vaccination of dogs for rabies is commonly required by law. Please see the article dog health for information on this disease in dogs. [1]
In the midwestern United States, skunks are the primary carriers of rabies. [51] The most widely distributed reservoir of rabies in the United States, however, and the source of most human cases in the U.S., are bats. All five of the human rabies cases in the Midwest from 2009 to 2018 were identified genetically as strains of rabies from bats. [58]
3D still showing rabies virus structure. Rhabdoviruses have helical symmetry, so their infectious particles are approximately cylindrical in shape. They are characterized by an extremely broad host spectrum ranging from plants [citation needed] to insects [citation needed] and mammals; human-infecting viruses more commonly have icosahedral symmetry and take shapes approximating regular polyhedra.
Bitten by a rabid dog and died. Authorities ordered to have dogs and other dangerous domestic animals that were bitten to be destroyed. [2] [better source needed] November 29, 1820 Lower Canada: Unknown (1) Son of Coad Lins 9 years Died from "hydrophobia" after being bitten by a dog. [3] June 1836 Faubourg Saint-Louis, Lower Canada: Unknown (1)
Dogs are the primary source of rabies transmission to humans. [34] Information on the extent of traumatic injuries from dog attacks is incomplete, and the number of bites is thought to be underreported. [35] [36] [37] In a survey of dog bites in Pennsylvania, the rate of dog bites was 36 times higher than what had been reported to authorities.
According to the National Center for Health Statistics, there were 468 deaths in the United States from being bitten or struck by a dog between 2011 and 2021. [2] This is an average of 43 deaths annually, ranging from a low of 31 deaths in 2016 and a high of 81 deaths in 2021. [2] Dogs killed more males than females during the tracking decade. [2]