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For other irregular verbs and their common patterns, see the article on Spanish irregular verbs. The tables include only the "simple" tenses (that is, those formed with a single word), and not the "compound" tenses (those formed with an auxiliary verb plus a non-finite form of the main verb), such as the progressive, perfect, and passive voice.
If the verb is an -ar verb such as hablar or caminar replace the ending o with an e: i.e., Yo hablo; yo camino → Yo hable, yo camine. This forms the first-person conjugation. The other conjugations work similarly, as follows: Yo → Yo hable; yo coma; yo viva; Tú → Tú hables; tú comas; tú vivas; Él/Ella/Usted → Él hable; él coma ...
These verbs require the use of the reflexive pronoun, appropriate to the subject. Some transitive verbs can take on a reflexive meaning, such as lavar (to wash) and lavarse (to wash oneself). Other verbs have reflexive forms which do not take on a reflexive meaning, such as ir (to go) and irse (to go away).
'Verbal voseo ' refers to the use of the verb conjugation of vos regardless of which pronoun is used. [2] Verbal voseo with a pronoun other than vos is widespread in Chile, in which case one would use the pronoun tú and the verb conjugation of vos at the same time. E.g.: tú venís, tú escribís, tú podís, tú sabís, tú vai, tú estái.
When used as clitics, object pronouns can appear as proclitics that come before the verb or as enclitics attached to the end of the verb in different linguistic environments. There is also regional variation in the use of pronouns, particularly the use of the informal second-person singular vos and the informal second-person plural vosotros.
To conjugate something that is negative in the imperative mood for the tú form (which also is used most often), conjugate in the yo form, drop the o, add the opposite tú ending (if it is an -ar verb add es; for an -er or -ir verb add as), and then put the word no in front.
In some parts of Andalusia (the lands around the Guadalquivir river and western Andalusia), the usage is what is called ustedes-vosotros: the pronoun ustedes is combined with the verb forms for vosotros. However, this sounds extremely colloquial and most Andalusians prefer to use each pronoun with its correct form.
Most verbs have regular conjugation, which can be known from their infinitive form, which may end in -ar, -er, or -ir. [11] However, some are irregular, despite their infinitive having one of these endings, and knowing how to conjugate them is a matter of memorization. [12]