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Morchella esculenta is commonly known by various names: morel, common morel, true morel, morel mushroom, yellow morel, sponge morel, [15] Molly Moocher, haystack, and dryland fish. [2] In Nepal it is known as Guchi chyau. [16] The specific epithet is derived from the Latin esculenta, meaning "edible".
Morchella, the true morels, is a genus of edible sac fungi closely related to anatomically simpler cup fungi in the order Pezizales (division Ascomycota).These distinctive fungi have a honeycomb appearance due to the network of ridges with pits composing their caps.
The species was described as new to science in 2012. In 2014, Richard et al. clarified its taxonomic status, retaining the name Morchella americana of Clowez and Matherly (2012) over M. esculentoides. [2] [3]
Morchella snyderi was described as new to science in 2012, along with 13 other morels from the United States and Canada. The study, published in the journal Mycologia, resulted from the Morel Data Collection Project, which aimed to help clarify the taxonomy, biology, and distribution of morel species in North America. [1]
Morchella tridentina is a cosmopolitan species of ascomycete fungus in the family Morchellaceae.Commonly referred to as the mountain blond or western blond morel in North America, it produces conical, grey to buff fruit bodies that are rufescent and grow up to 20 cm (7.9 in) tall and 5 cm (2.0 in) wide.
The Pezizales are an order of the subphylum Pezizomycotina within the phylum Ascomycota.The order contains 16 families, 199 genera, and 1683 species. [1] It contains a number of species of economic importance, such as morels, the black and white truffles, and the desert truffles.
It is one of many related species commonly known as black morels, and until 2012 the name M. elata was broadly applied to black morels throughout the globe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Like most members of the genus, M. elata is a popular edible fungus and is sought by many mushroom hunters .
Morchella semilibera, commonly called the half-free morel, is an edible species of fungus [1] in the family Morchellaceae native to Europe and Asia. [2] [3] [4]DNA analysis has shown that the half-free morels, which appear nearly identical on a macroscopic scale, are a cryptic species complex, consisting of at least three geographically isolated species. [5]