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Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it is also shaped by the recipient's learning, memory, expectation, and attention. [4] [5] Sensory input is a process that transforms this low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). [5]
Perceptual psychology is a subfield of cognitive psychology [1] that concerns the conscious and unconscious innate aspects of the human cognitive system: perception. [2] A pioneer of the field was James J. Gibson. One major study was that of affordances, i.e. the perceived utility of objects in, or features of, one's surroundings. According to ...
Perceptual learning is a more in-depth relationship between experience and perception. Different perceptions of the same sensory input may arise in individuals with different experiences or training. This leads to important issues about the ontology of sensory experience, the relationship between cognition and perception.
Models based on this idea have been used to describe various visual perceptual functions, such as the perception of motion, the perception of depth, and figure-ground perception. [16] [17] The "wholly empirical theory of perception" is a related and newer approach that rationalizes visual perception without explicitly invoking Bayesian formalisms.
It is suggested that scaffolding (the development of new skills over time based on the building of other skills) is responsible for the development of perceptual organization. Environment plays a major role in the development of figure-ground perception. [15] The development of figure–ground perception begins the day the baby can focus on an ...
Constructive perception is the theory of perception in which the perceiver uses sensory information and other sources of information to construct a cognitive understanding of a stimulus. In contrast to this top-down approach, there is the bottom-up approach of direct perception. Perception is more of a hypothesis, and the evidence to support ...
Sperry argued that the perception–action cycle is the fundamental logic of the nervous system. [2] Perception and action processes are functionally intertwined: perception is a means to action and action is a means to perception. Indeed, the vertebrate brain has evolved for governing motor activity with the basic function to transform sensory ...
Like figure-ground organization, perceptual grouping (sometimes called perceptual segregation) [31] is a form of perceptual organization. [16] Perceptual grouping is the process that determines how organisms perceive some parts of their perceptual fields as being more related than others, [16] using such information for object detection. [31]