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The reaction between a secondary amine (1) and an acyl chloride (2) yields the desired amide (4) as shown below. The acyl chloride is added slowly to a solution of the amine and triethylamine in dichloromethane at 0 °C. The reaction is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred for 14 hours.
The McMurry reaction of benzophenone. The McMurry reaction is an organic reaction in which two ketone or aldehyde groups are coupled to form an alkene using a titanium chloride compound such as titanium(III) chloride and a reducing agent.
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.
In the cited example the Lewis acid TiCl 4 is used. First, the Lewis acid activates the aldehyde component followed by carbon-carbon bond formation between the enol silane and the activated aldehyde. With the loss of a chlorosilane the compound 1 is built. The desired product, a racemate of 2 and 3, is obtained by aqueous work-up. [3]
[1] The Jones oxidation. Jones reagent is a solution prepared by dissolving chromium trioxide in aqueous sulfuric acid. To effect a Jones oxidation, this acidic mixture is then added to an acetone solution of the substrate. Alternatively, potassium dichromate can be used in place of chromium trioxide. The oxidation is very rapid and quite ...
Furthermore, specialized synthetic routes include the reaction of dilithiated carboxylic acids with oxygen, followed by aqueous workup. [15] R−CHLiCO 2 Li + O 2 → R−CH(O 2 Li)CO 2 Li R−CH(O 2 Li)CO 2 Li + H + → R−CH(OH)CO 2 H + 2Li + + ... Additionally, α-keto aldehydes can be transformed into α-hydroxy acids through the ...
In this example, the second reactive group (amine/acid) in each of the starting materials bears a protecting group. In organic chemistry , peptide synthesis is the production of peptides , compounds where multiple amino acids are linked via amide bonds, also known as peptide bonds .
Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) or aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are clean alternatives for traditional organic-water solvent extraction systems.. ABS are formed when either two polymers, one polymer and one kosmotropic salt, or two salts (one chaotropic salt and the other a kosmotropic salt) are mixed at appropriate concentrations or at a particular temperature.