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The Maruia Declaration was a public petition calling for the immediate phasing out of the logging of virgin native forest in New Zealand. In October 1971 the New Zealand Government proposed to harvest large areas of native South Island lowland beech forest with half the cleared area to be converted to exotic Pinus radiata.
Cut-to-length logging is the process of felling, delimbing, bucking, and sorting (pulpwood, sawlog, etc.) at the stump area, leaving limbs and tops in the forest. Mechanical harvesters fell the tree, delimb, and buck it, and place the resulting logs in bunks to be brought to the landing by a skidder or forwarder .
Milling of New Zealand's extensive native forests was one of the earliest industries in the European settlement of the country. The long, straight hardwood from the kauri was ideal for ship masts and spars. As the new colony was established, timber was the most common building material, and vast areas of native forest were cleared.
All native forest logging on public land ended in 2002 when the Labour-led government upheld its election promise to stop the logging. In 2005 forestry covered over 80,000 km 2 (31,000 sq mi), or 29% of the country, made up of 63,000 km 2 (24,000 sq mi) of native forest and 17,000 km 2 (6,600 sq mi) of planted forests.
Activists have fought for decades to stop logging at Jackson State Forest. Now an Indigenous tribe is demanding a say in the fate of their ancestral homeland.
Native Americans cleared millions of acres of forest for many reasons, including hunting, farming, berry production, and building materials. [1] Prior to the arrival of European-Americans, about one half of the United States land area was forest, about 1,023,000,000 acres (4,140,000 km 2) estimated in 1630.
The result of their efforts was tri-fold: the park was established in 1978; the New Zealand Government changed rules to meet the protesters' demand to permanently stop logging operations; and the Native Forest Restoration Trust was formed which ensured that the park develops several areas into its present format.
Native Forest Action (NFA) was set up protect the publicly owned native forests of the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand from logging. The West Coast has extensive stands of virgin native forests and numerous organisations had lobbied for their protection.