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In naming simple alcohols, the name of the alkane chain loses the terminal e and adds the suffix -ol, e.g., as in "ethanol" from the alkane chain name "ethane". [19] When necessary, the position of the hydroxyl group is indicated by a number between the alkane name and the -ol: propan-1-ol for CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH, propan-2-ol for CH 3 CH(OH)CH 3.
Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H 14: n-hexane
This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in an alcohol. C1. Methanol; C2. Ethanol; C3 ... Isoamyl alcohol; 2-Methyl-1-butanol; Neopentyl alcohol; 2-Pentanol;
The IUPAC name of alcohols can derive from the following rules: Identify the longest carbon chain, and number each carbon. Name the base alkane according to the organic nomenclature rules. Identify the hydroxyl group and which carbon it is on. To be alcohol, the -OH must be bonded to a carbon.
Name Carbon atoms Branches/saturation Formula tert-Butyl alcohol: 4 carbon atoms: branched: C 4 H 10 O tert-Amyl alcohol: 5 carbon atoms: branched: C 5 H 12 O 3-Methyl-3-pentanol: 6 carbon atoms: branched: C 6 H 14 O 1-Heptanol (enanthic alcohol) 7 carbon atoms: C 7 H 16 O 1-Octanol (capryl alcohol) 8 carbon atoms: C 8 H 18 O Pelargonic alcohol ...
The carbon chains in plant alkanes are usually odd-numbered, between 27 and 33 carbon atoms in length, [40] and are made by the plants by decarboxylation of even-numbered fatty acids. The exact composition of the layer of wax is not only species-dependent but also changes with the season and such environmental factors as lighting conditions ...
Under its alternative name of "wintergreen oil", methyl salicylate is a common additive to North American rubbing alcohol products. [4] Individual manufacturers are permitted to use their own formulation standards in which the ethanol content for retail bottles of rubbing alcohol is labeled as and ranges from 70 to 99% v/v. [5]
C 12 H 24 O 2: tetrahydrolinalyl acetate: 20780-48-7 C 12 H 24 O 3: dodecaneperoxoic acid: 2388-12-7 C 12 H 24 O 4 Sn: dibutyltin diacetate: 1067-33-0 C 12 H 24 O 12: lactose monohydrate: 64044-51-5 C 12 H 25 N: cyclododecylamine: 1502-03-0 C 12 H 25 NO: dodecanamide: 1120-16-7 C 12 H 26: dodecane: 112-40-3 C 12 H 26 O: butyl octyl ether: 53839 ...