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The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on marketing. It was established in 1992 and is published by Routledge . The editor-in-chief is Raj Agnihotri ( Iowa State University ).
and = / / = While the prevalence is only 9% (9/100), the odds ratio (OR) is equal to 11.3 and the relative risk (RR) is equal to 7.2. Despite fulfilling the rare disease assumption overall, the OR and RR can hardly be considered to be approximately the same. However, the prevalence in the exposed group is 40%, which means is not sufficiently small
In practice the odds ratio is commonly used for case-control studies, as the relative risk cannot be estimated. [1] In fact, the odds ratio has much more common use in statistics, since logistic regression, often associated with clinical trials, works with the log of the odds ratio, not relative risk. Because the (natural log of the) odds of a ...
In epidemiology, a rate ratio, sometimes called an incidence density ratio or incidence rate ratio, is a relative difference measure used to compare the incidence rates of events occurring at any given point in time. It is defined as:
The risk difference (RD), excess risk, or attributable risk [1] is the difference between the risk of an outcome in the exposed group and the unexposed group. It is computed as I e − I u {\displaystyle I_{e}-I_{u}} , where I e {\displaystyle I_{e}} is the incidence in the exposed group, and I u {\displaystyle I_{u}} is the incidence in the ...
The group exposed to treatment (left) has the risk of an adverse outcome (black) reduced by 50% (RRR = 0.5) compared to the unexposed group (right). In epidemiology , the relative risk reduction (RRR) or efficacy is the relative decrease in the risk of an adverse event in the exposed group compared to an unexposed group.
A risk–benefit ratio (or benefit-risk ratio) is the ratio of the risk of an action to its potential benefits. Risk–benefit analysis (or benefit-risk analysis) is analysis that seeks to quantify the risk and benefits and hence their ratio. Analyzing a risk can be heavily dependent on the human factor.
[1] [2] See Finance § Risk management for an overview. Financial risk management as a "science" can be said to have been born [3] with modern portfolio theory, particularly as initiated by Professor Harry Markowitz in 1952 with his article, "Portfolio Selection"; [4] see Mathematical finance § Risk and portfolio management: the P world.