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99942 Apophis (provisional designation 2004 MN 4) is a near-Earth asteroid and a potentially hazardous object, 450 metres (1,480 ft) by 170 metres (560 ft) in size, [3] that caused a brief period of concern in December 2004 when initial observations indicated a probability of 2.7% that it would hit Earth on Friday, April 13, 2029.
First asteroid discovered by means of astrophotography rather than visual observation 433 Eros: 13×13×33: August 13, 1898: First near-Earth asteroid discovered and the second largest; first asteroid to be detected by radar; first asteroid orbited and landed upon 482 Petrina: 23.3: March 3, 1902: First asteroid named after dog 490 Veritas: 115 ...
The average near-Earth asteroid, such as 2019 VF 5, passes Earth at 18 km/s. The average short-period comet passes Earth at 30 km/s, and the average long-period comet passes Earth at 53 km/s. [10] A retrograde parabolic Oort cloud comet (e=1, i=180°) could pass Earth at 72 km/s when 1 AU from the Sun.
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For comparison, the average distance between the Earth and the moon is about 385,000km (239,000 miles). So far, about 25,000 large asteroids have been discovered as potential “city killers”.
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433 Eros is a stony asteroid of the Amor group, and the first discovered, and second-largest near-Earth object. It has an elongated shape and a volume-equivalent diameter of approximately 16.8 kilometers (10.4 miles). Visited by the NEAR Shoemaker space probe in 1998, it became the first asteroid ever studied from its own orbit.
2024 BX 1 is the eighth asteroid discovered before impacting Earth, and is Sárneczky's third discovery of an impacting asteroid. Before it impacted, 2024 BX 1 was a near-Earth asteroid on an Earth-crossing Apollo-type orbit. The bolide was studied in June 2024. It had a steep entry of 75.6° and an entry speed of 15.20 km/s.