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Stabilizing selection (not to be confused with negative or purifying selection [1] [2]) is a type of natural selection in which the population mean stabilizes on a particular non-extreme trait value. This is thought to be the most common mechanism of action for natural selection because most traits do not appear to change drastically over time ...
In natural selection, negative selection [1] or purifying selection is the selective removal of alleles that are deleterious. This can result in stabilising selection through the purging of deleterious genetic polymorphisms that arise through random mutations. [2] [3]
Middle (Graph 2) represents stabilizing selection with the moderate trait favored. Bottom (Graph 3) represents disruptive selection with both extremes being favored. In population genetics , directional selection is a type of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is favored over both the other extreme and moderate phenotypes.
The minimal superficial changes to living fossils are mistakenly declared as an absence of evolution, but they are examples of stabilizing selection, which is an evolutionary process—and perhaps the dominant process of morphological evolution. [4] The term is currently deprecated among paleontologists and evolutionary biologists.
At present the best-understood examples of polygenic adaptation are in humans, and particularly for height, a trait that can be interpreted using data from genome-wide association studies. In a 2012 paper, Joel Hirschhorn and colleagues showed that there was a consistent tendency for the "tall" alleles at genome-wide significant loci to be at ...
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.
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Disruptive selection is a specific type of natural selection that actively selects against the intermediate in a population, favoring both extremes of the spectrum. Disruptive selection is inferred to oftentimes lead to sympatric speciation through a phyletic gradualism mode of evolution. Disruptive selection can be caused or influenced by ...