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A retrolisthesis is a posterior displacement of one vertebral body with respect to the subjacent vertebra to a degree less than a luxation (dislocation). Retrolistheses are most easily diagnosed on lateral x-ray views of the spine. Views where care has been taken to expose for a true lateral view without any rotation offer the best diagnostic ...
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves and blood vessels at the level of the lumbar vertebrae. ...
Mechanical traction can be used for patients with cervical and lumbar spinal disorders such as cervical radiculopathy or lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar traction has been widely used in the clinic, previous meta-analyses have confirmed that mechanical traction in the supine position can relieve short-term pain in patients with radiculopathy. [4]
Degenerative disc disease; Other names: Degenerative disc disorder, intervertebral disc degeneration: Degenerated disc between C5 and C6 (vertebra at the top of the picture is C2), with osteophytes anteriorly (to the left) on the lower portion of the C5 and upper portion of the C6 vertebral body.
Halo-gravity traction (HGT) is a type of traction device utilized to treat spinal deformities such as scoliosis, [1] [2] congenital spine deformities, cervical instability, basilar invagination, and kyphosis. [3] It is used prior to surgical treatment to reduce the difficulty of the following surgery and the need for a more dangerous surgery.
The last decade of studies on Modic changes have shown that Modic changes are associated with many treatment-resistant pain episodes and may result in patients entering a state of chronic low back pain.
Backward displacement is called retrolisthesis. Lateral displacement is called lateral listhesis [4] or laterolisthesis. [5] A hangman's fracture is a specific type of spondylolisthesis where the second cervical vertebra (C2) is displaced anteriorly relative to the C3 vertebra due to fractures of the C2 vertebra's pedicles.
Back pain itself is not considered a diagnosis, but rather a symptom of underlying (in most cases musculoskeletal) problems. [2] following: Vertebrae misalignment, which can cause nerve interference (also called subluxation), [3] muscle tension, or muscle spasm [4] [5]