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This is the equivalent of mint condition in numismatics. Fine (F or FN) is "as new" but allowing for the normal effects of time on an unused book that has been protected. A fine book shows no damage. Very good (VG) describes a book that is worn but untorn. For many collectors this is the minimum acceptable condition for all but the rarest items.
PDF/UA (PDF/Universal Accessibility), [1] formally ISO 14289, is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for accessible PDF technology. A technical specification intended for developers implementing PDF writing and processing software, PDF/UA provides definitive terms and requirements for accessibility in PDF documents and applications. [2]
Data compression aims to reduce the size of data files, enhancing storage efficiency and speeding up data transmission. K-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, is employed to partition a dataset into a specified number of clusters, k, each represented by the centroid of its points. This process condenses extensive ...
The "trick" that allows lossless compression algorithms, used on the type of data they were designed for, to consistently compress such files to a shorter form is that the files the algorithms are designed to act on all have some form of easily modeled redundancy that the algorithm is designed to remove, and thus belong to the subset of files ...
PDF is a standard for encoding documents in an "as printed" form that is portable between systems. However, the suitability of a PDF file for archival preservation depends on options chosen when the PDF is created: most notably, whether to embed the necessary fonts for rendering the document; whether to use encryption; and whether to preserve additional information from the original document ...
Thus, a representation that compresses the storage size of a file from 10 MB to 2 MB yields a space saving of 1 - 2/10 = 0.8, often notated as a percentage, 80%. For signals of indefinite size, such as streaming audio and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed data rates instead of data sizes:
JP 1-02 Deparment of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms: Image title: JP 1-02 Deparment of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms: Software used: Adobe PageMaker 7.0: Conversion program: Acrobat Distiller 7.0.5 (Windows) Encrypted: no: Page size: 612 x 792 pts (letter) Version of PDF format: 1.5
Absolute Category Rating (ACR) is a test method used in quality tests. [1] [2] The levels of the scale are, sorted by quality in decreasing order: Excellent; Good; Fair; Poor; Bad; In this method, a single test condition (generally an image or a video sequence) is presented to the viewers once only. They should then give a quality rating on an ...