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  2. Oxford spelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_spelling

    Oxford spelling uses the suffix ‑ize alongside ‑lyse: organization, privatize and recognizable, rather than organisation, privatise and recognisable – alongside analyse, paralyse etc. The Oxford University Press states that the belief that ‑ize is an exclusively North American variant is incorrect. [5]

  3. Suffix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffix

    In linguistics, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns and adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Suffixes can carry grammatical information (inflectional endings) or lexical information (derivational/lexical ...

  4. Letter frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency

    The California Job Case was a compartmentalized box for printing in the 19th century, sizes corresponding to the commonality of letters. The frequency of letters in text has been studied for use in cryptanalysis, and frequency analysis in particular, dating back to the Arab mathematician al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873 ), who formally developed the method (the ciphers breakable by this technique go ...

  5. American and British English spelling differences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British...

    Thus, in British English analyse, catalyse, hydrolyse and paralyse, but in American English analyze, catalyze, hydrolyze and paralyze. Analyse was the more common spelling in 17th- and 18th-century English. Some dictionaries of the time, however, preferred analyze, such as John Kersey's of 1702, Nathan Bailey's of 1721 and Samuel Johnson's of 1755.

  6. List of family name affixes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_family_name_affixes

    -dóttir "daughter (of)" (patronymic suffix (sometimes matronymic) (by law) of not a family name but part of the Icelandic last name where (usually) the father's name is always slightly modified and then dóttir added) [citation needed]-dze "son of" [citation needed]-dzki variant of -ski, -cki [citation needed]

  7. List of glossing abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations

    For example, if a passage has two contrasting nominalizing suffixes under discussion, ɣiŋ and jolqəl, they may be glossed GN and JQ, with the glosses explained in the text. [7] This is also seen when the meaning of a morpheme is debated, and glossing it one way or another would prejudice the discussion.

  8. Grammatical case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_case

    Derivational: a suffix which attaches to a bare stem before other case suffixes and create a new lexical item. To illustrate this paradigm in action, take the case-system of Wanyjirra for whose description Senge invokes this system. Each of the case markers functions in the prototypical relational sense, but many extend into these additional ...

  9. Nominalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominalization

    The syntactic analysis of nominalization continues to play an important role in modern theory, which dates back to Noam Chomsky's hallmark paper "Remarks on Nominalization". Such remarks promoted the restrictive view of the syntax, as well as the need to separate syntactically-predictable constructions such as gerunds from less predictable ...