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Practices of body ornamentation are a cultural universal (found in all human societies). They can involve body modification (permanent) tattoos; branding; body piercing;
Stretching body piercings to deliberately expand them. Stretched lip piercings – achieved by inserting ever larger plates, such as those made of clay used by some Amazonian tribes. Labia stretching or pulling to enhance sexual pleasure by stimulation, particularly reaching an orgasm that squirts, multiple orgasms that flow together frequently ...
Similar with ornaments around the region, taiganja are a symbol of status and reserved for the royal family or chiefs. [2] They are hung from glass bead necklaces, or on the suit, or sometimes on the cap of a nobleman, as a king of amulet. [5] They are ornaments of both men and women. [4] [6]
Body modification (or body alteration) is the deliberate altering of the human anatomy or human physical appearance. [1] In its broadest definition it includes skin tattooing, socially acceptable decoration (e.g., common ear piercing in many societies), and religious rites of passage (e.g., circumcision in a number of cultures), as well as the modern primitive movement.
Of the two most notable types, one is the torc, an often heavy and valuable ornament normally open at the throat. These were worn by various early cultures but are especially associated with the ancient Celts of the European Iron Age , where they were evidently a key indicator of wealth and status , mostly worn by men.
Indonesia perhaps has the richest tradition of this brocade weaving art. [23] Ikat, is a dyeing technique used to pattern textiles that employs resist dyeing on the yarns prior to dyeing and weaving the fabric. The ikat tradition is especially prevalent in Central and Eastern Indonesia, especially in Sumba, Flores and Timor island.
Konde is usually secured with a tusuk konde hairpin, and adorned with a jasmine flower garland or other hair ornaments. Kembang goyang (lit.: "trembling flower") or cunduk mentul, a golden flower ornament attached to the hairbun. Similar metallic floral hair ornaments can be found throughout Indonesia, however it is more prevalent in Java and Bali.
Artifacts include necklace beads, stylised figure pendants, nose and ear and other personal body ornaments. Other larger ornaments were used for household and decorative tomb and funeral elements which have been identified as key elements of Quimbaya cultural traditions. [5]