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The age of each other, including the slight age difference, affects whether or not to use honorifics. Korean language speakers in South Korea and North Korea, except in very intimate situations, use different honorifics depending on whether the other person's year of birth is one year or more older, or the same year, or one year or more younger.
Korean pronouns pose some difficulty to speakers of English due to their complexity. The Korean language makes extensive use of speech levels and honorifics in its grammar, and Korean pronouns also change depending on the social distinction between the speaker and the person or persons spoken to.
In North Korean standard Korean (munhwaŏ) it is still used when talking to equals who may be addressed by 동무 dongmu ("comrade"). It is used: [ 3 ] Occasionally among the older generation, by civil servants, police officers, middle management, middle-aged people, and other people of intermediate social rank who have temporary authority over ...
Kinship terminology is the system used in languages to refer to the persons to whom an individual is related through kinship.Different societies classify kinship relations differently and therefore use different systems of kinship terminology; for example, some languages distinguish between consanguine and affinal uncles (i.e. the brothers of one's parents and the husbands of the sisters of ...
Age hierarchy — In South Korea, no matter how small the age difference is, if the year of birth is not the same, the hierarchy is determined as Hyeong (형), Oppa (오빠) (both meaning "older brother"), Nuna (누나), Eonni (언니) (both meaning "older sister"), Dongsaeng (동생, meaning "younger brother/sister"), and they are not regarded ...
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The choice of whether to use a Sino-Korean noun or a native Korean word is a delicate one, with the Sino-Korean alternative often sounding more profound or refined. It is in much the same way that Latin- or French-derived words in English are used in higher-level vocabulary sets (e.g. the sciences), thus sounding more refined – for example ...
Yeonggam or Younggam (Korean: 영감; Hanja: 令監) is a nickname or Korean honorific for an old man [1] in Korea. Yeonggam was historically an honorific title for second-level and third-level civil servants; [2] Vice-Ministers, or Assistant Secretaries [3] of Goryeo and Joseon.