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Phosphoryl chloride (commonly called phosphorus oxychloride) is a colourless liquid with the formula P O Cl 3. It hydrolyses in moist air releasing phosphoric acid and fumes of hydrogen chloride. It is manufactured industrially on a large scale from phosphorus trichloride and oxygen or phosphorus pentoxide. [4] It is mainly used to make ...
Molecular structure of ammonia and its three-dimensional shape. It has a net dipole moment of 1.484 D. Dot and cross structure of ammonia. The ammonia molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape, as predicted by the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) with an experimentally determined bond angle of 106.7°. [36]
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Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point: 602 K (329 °C), ? Pa Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
The table above gives properties of the vapor–liquid equilibrium of anhydrous ammonia at various temperatures. The second column is vapor pressure in k Pa . The third column is the density of the liquid phase.
It is manufactured by treating starch with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), or phosphoryl chloride (POCl3). Phosphorylated cross-linked starches is a category of modified food starches within the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations.
[2] [3] "Phosphoryl" groups are covalently bonded by a single bond to an organic molecule, phosphate group(s) or another "phosphoryl" group(s), and those groups are sp 3 hybridized at the phosphorus atom. [4] The term "phosphoryl" in the mentioned branches is usually used in the description of catalytic mechanisms in living organisms.