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Societal collapse (also known as civilizational collapse or systems collapse) is the fall of a complex human society characterized by the loss of cultural identity and of social complexity as an adaptive system, the downfall of government, and the rise of violence. [1]
Naturally, not all empires manifest the same dysfunction to the same degree. Nor do they all follow the same exact trajectory. Imperial Rome nicely illustrates some of these tendencies.
Following World War I, the British maintained occupation of the Middle East, most notably Turkey and portions of formerly Ottoman territory following the empire's collapse. [82] The occupation led to rapid industrialization, which resulted in the discovery of crude oil in Persia in 1908, sparking a boom in the Middle Eastern economy. [83]
Spanish Texas was one of the interior provinces of the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1519 until 1821. Spain claimed ownership of the region in 1519. Slave raids by Spaniards into what became Texas began in the 16th century and created an atmosphere of antagonism with Native Americans (Indians) which would cause endless difficulties for the Spanish in the future.
Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed (titled Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive for the British edition) is a 2005 book by academic and popular science author Jared Diamond, in which the author first defines collapse: "a drastic decrease in human population size and/or political/economic/social complexity, over a considerable area, for an extended time."
State collapse is a sudden dissolution of a sovereign state. [1] It is often used to describe extreme situations in which state institutions dissolve rapidly. [2] [1]When a new regime moves in, often led by the military, civil society typically fails to rally around the central government, and societal actors fend for themselves at the local level. [1]
Hamilton had been a prominent politician before the war. He granted amnesty to ex-Confederates if they promised to support the Union in the future, appointing some to office. On March 30, 1870, although Texas did not meet all the requirements, Congress restored Texas to the Union. Many free blacks were able to become businessmen and leaders.
Redwood Empire Mathematics Tournament hosted by Humboldt State (middle and high school) San Diego Math League and San Diego Math Olympiad hosted by the San Diego Math Circle; Santa Clara University High School Mathematics Contest; SC Mathematics Competition (SCMC) hosted by RSO@USC; Stanford Mathematics Tournament; UCSD/GSDMC High School Honors ...