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2. Scientific pitch - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_pitch

   Scientific pitch, also known as philosophical pitch, Sauveur pitch or Verdi tuning, is an absolute concert pitch standard which is based on middle C (C 4) being set to 256 Hz rather than ~ 261.63 Hz, [a] making it ~ 31.77 cents lower than the common A440 pitch standard.

3. Concert pitch - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concert_pitch

   The initial standard was A = 439 Hz ⓘ, but this was superseded by A = 440 Hz, possibly because 439 Hz was difficult to reproduce in a laboratory since 439 is a prime number. [22] In 1964, of 31 top professional U.S. orchestras, 19 were tuning at 440, the others at 441 or 442. [23]

4. A440 (pitch standard) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A440_(pitch_standard)

   A440 (also known as Stuttgart pitch [1]) is the musical pitch corresponding to an audio frequency of 440 Hz, which serves as a tuning standard for the musical note of A above middle C, or A 4 in scientific pitch notation. It is standardized by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 16.

5. Scientific pitch notation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_pitch_notation

   For standard A440 pitch equal temperament, the system begins at a frequency of 16.35160 Hz, which is assigned the value C 0. The octave 0 of the scientific pitch notation is traditionally called the sub-contra octave , and the tone marked C 0 in SPN is written as ,,C or C,, or CCC in traditional systems, such as Helmholtz notation .

6. Pitch (music) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)

   In musical notation, the different vertical positions of notes indicate different pitches. Play top: Play bottom: Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale, [1] or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies. [2]

7. Musical tuning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_tuning

   This is the most common tuning system used in Western music, and is the standard system used as a basis for tuning a piano. Since this scale divides an octave into twelve equal-ratio steps and an octave has a frequency ratio of two, the frequency ratio between adjacent notes is then the twelfth root of two, 2 1/12 ≋ 1.05946309... .

8. MIDI tuning standard - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI_Tuning_Standard

   The quantity log 2 (⁠ f / 440 Hz ⁠) is the number of octaves above the 440 Hz concert A, or A 4, or a ′ . Multiplying it by 12 gives the number of semitones above 440 Hz (the value is negative if the frequency f is lower in pitch than 440 Hz).

9. Talk:Concert pitch - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Concert_pitch

   1- some of the measured effects were minimal, 2- no other pitch standards were tested (i.e., any lower key might have the same effect), 3- some of the subjects heard the same music at 440 and 432, and some were given familiar music, but at 432, so again, they're only comparing two keys, one slightly lower than the other.