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The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon and Sassanid city of Ctesiphon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam.
The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib .
The Rashidun caliphate ended with the First Fitna, which transferred authority to the Umayyad dynasty that presided over the Umayyad Caliphate, the largest caliphate and the last one to actively rule the entire Muslim world. [6] The Abbasid Revolution overthrew the Ummayads and instituted the Abbasid dynasty which ruled over the Abbasid ...
It maps and describes the major trade routes of the time within the Muslim world, and discusses distant trading regions such as Japan, Korea, and China. [1] It was written around 870 CE, during the reign of Al-Muʿtamid of the Abbasid Caliphate, while its author was Director of Posts and Police for the Abbasid province of Jibal in modern-day Iran.
The Abbasid conquest of Ifriqiya was an armed campaign in 761 against Kharijite Ibadites in Ifriqiya (present-day Tunisia, eastern Algeria and Tripolitania) led by Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath al-Khuza'i on behalf of the Abbasid Caliphate.
According to historian Angelika Hartmann, Al-Nasir was the last effective Abbasid caliph [19] of Later Abbasid Caliphate. His political and religious authority was recognized throughout Middle East especially in territory of Ayyubid dynasty of Saladin. 35 5 October 1225 – 11 July 1226 al-Ẓāhir bi-amri’llāh: Abu Nasr Muḥammad Al-Nasir ...
Map of the fragmentation of the Abbasid Caliphate in the late 9th and 10th centuries. The rise and fall of the Tulunids occurred against a backdrop of increasing regionalism in the Muslim world. The Abbasid caliphate was struggling with political disturbances and losing its aura of universal legitimacy.
Contacts between the Carolingians and the Abbasids started soon after the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate and the concomitant fall of the Umayyad Caliphate in 751. The Carolingian ruler Pepin the Short had a powerful enough position in Europe to "make his alliance valuable to the Abbasid caliph of Baghdad, al-Mansur". [5]