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In SI units, the unit is converted to the SI derived unit pascal (Pa), which is defined as one newton per square metre (N/m 2). A newton is equal to 1 kg⋅m/s 2, and a kilogram-force is 9.80665 N, [3] meaning that 1 kgf/cm 2 equals 98.0665 kilopascals (kPa). In some older publications, kilogram-force per square centimetre is abbreviated ksc ...
The tonne-force, metric ton-force, megagram-force, and megapond (Mp) are each 1000 kilograms-force. The decanewton or dekanewton (daN), exactly 10 N, is used in some fields as an approximation to the kilogram-force, because it is close to the 9.80665 N of 1 kgf. The gram-force is 1 ⁄ 1000 of a kilogram-force.
Other units of pressure, such as pounds per square inch (lbf/in 2) and bar, are also in common use. The CGS unit of pressure is the barye (Ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2, or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force or kilograms-force per square centimetre ("g/cm 2" or "kg/cm 2") and the like without properly identifying the force ...
On average, a column of air with a cross-sectional area of 1 square centimetre (cm 2), measured from the mean (average) sea level to the top of Earth's atmosphere, has a mass of about 1.03 kilogram and exerts a force or "weight" of about 10.1 newtons, resulting in a pressure of 10.1 N/cm 2 or 101 kN/m 2 (101 kilopascals, kPa).
A newton is defined as 1 kg⋅m/s 2 (it is a named derived unit defined in terms of the SI base units). [1]: 137 One newton is, therefore, the force needed to accelerate one kilogram of mass at the rate of one metre per second squared in the direction of the applied force.
Pressure exerted by a 45 kg person wearing stiletto heels when a heel hits the floor [69] 15.5 Mpa 2,250 psi Primary coolant loop of a pressurized water reactor: 20 MPa 2,900 psi Typical pressure used for hydrogenolysis reactions [70] 21 MPa 3,000 psi Pressure of a typical aluminium scuba tank of pressurized air (210 bar) [71] 21 MPa 3,000 psi
In an idealised case, i.e. a static, uniform net force normal to level ground, this is simply the object's weight divided by contact area. The ground pressure of motorized vehicles is often compared with the ground pressure of a human foot, which can be 60 – 80 kPa while walking or as much as 13 MPa for a person in spike heels. [3]
The standard atmosphere was originally defined as the pressure exerted by a 760 mm column of mercury at 0 °C (32 °F) and standard gravity (g n = 9.806 65 m/s 2). [2] It was used as a reference condition for physical and chemical properties, and the definition of the centigrade temperature scale set 100 °C as the boiling point of water at this pressure.