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Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization [1] is a program and competition by NIST to update their standards to include post-quantum cryptography. [2] It was announced at PQCrypto 2016. [ 3 ] 23 signature schemes and 59 encryption/ KEM schemes were submitted by the initial submission deadline at the end of 2017 [ 4 ] of which 69 total were ...
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms (usually public-key algorithms) that are currently thought to be secure against a cryptanalytic attack by a quantum computer.
Falcon is a post-quantum signature scheme selected by the NIST at the fourth round of the post-quantum standardisation process. It was designed by Thomas Prest, Pierre-Alain Fouque, Jeffrey Hoffstein, Paul Kirchner, Vadim Lyubashevsky, Thomas Pornin, Thomas Ricosset, Gregor Seiler, William Whyte, and Zhenfei Zhang.
Kyber is a key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) designed to be resistant to cryptanalytic attacks with future powerful quantum computers.It is used to establish a shared secret between two communicating parties without an attacker in the transmission system being able to decrypt it.
The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), specified that algorithms in its post-quantum cryptography competition support a minimum of 2 64 signatures safely. [3] In 2022, NIST announced SPHINCS+ as one of three algorithms to be standardized for digital signatures. [4]
In post-quantum cryptography, NewHope is a key-agreement protocol by Erdem Alkim, Léo Ducas, Thomas Pöppelmann, and Peter Schwabe that is designed to resist quantum computer attacks. [1] [2] NewHope is based on a mathematical problem ring learning with errors (RLWE) that is believed to be difficult to solve.
In September 2022, the NSA announced CNSA 2.0, which includes its first recommendations for post-quantum cryptographic algorithms. [10] CNSA 2.0 includes: [2] Advanced Encryption Standard with 256 bit keys; Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard (ML-KEM aka CRYSTALS-Kyber) with parameter set ML-KEM-1024
Compared to other post-quantum schemes, BLISS claims to offer better computational efficiency, smaller signature size, and higher security. A presentation once anticipated that BLISS would become a potential candidate for standardization, however it was not submitted to NIST. NIST's criteria for selecting schemes to standardize includes side ...