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Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. [8] Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came.
Suffering Jesus (Jesus patibilis) is identical to the World Soul and the Living Self, which is the light that is imprisoned in matter; like the historical Jesus, he is depicted crucified in the world. [14] The pain suffered by the imprisoned light was understood to be real and imminent, not merely metaphorical.
Zandaqa is usually translated as "heresy" and is often used to underscore the seriousness of the religious views of the accused individual, and the rejection of such views by Islamic orthodoxy. [3] It originally referred to the adherents of Manichaeism , [ 3 ] but then came to be applied to those who were accused of having heretical beliefs and ...
According to Christian eschatology, Jesus, not Mani, will perform the final judgment at the conclusion of history. [ 40 ] While his religion was not strictly a movement of Christian Gnosticism in the earlier mode, Mani did declare himself to be an "apostle of Jesus Christ", [ 34 ] and extant Manichaean poetry frequently extols Jesus and his ...
Manichaean scripture includes nine main books: the Seven Treatises of Manichaeism, all personally written by Mani in Syriac, the Shabuhragan written by Mani in Middle Persian, and the Arzhang, a series of illustrations painted by Mani. The Kephalaia are not scriptural but rather a secondary literature on Manichaeism commenting on the scripture ...
The name of this unidentified group, which is implied in the Quran to belong to the 'People of the Book' (ahl al-kitāb), was historically claimed by the Mandaeans as well as by several other religious groups in order to gain legal protection as offered by Islamic law. [18]
Although Manichaeism has historically been a fairly unified religion, it has had some schisms over its history. [1] These schisms occurred from the sixth century AD until at least the 10th century AD. In the sixth century, there was a schism among Manichaeans between the Denawars and the see of Babylon, in response to persecution in Mesopotamia ...
The Living Gospel (also Great Gospel, Gospel of the Living and variants) was a 3rd-century gnostic gospel written by the Manichaean prophet Mani.It was originally written in Syriac and called the Evangelion (Classical Syriac: ܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ), from the Greek εὐαγγέλιον ("good news") [1] and was one of the seven original scriptures of Manichaeism.