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The globus pallidus receives input from the striatum and sends inhibitory output to a number of motor-related areas. The substantia nigra is the source of the striatal input of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which plays an important role in basal ganglia function. The subthalamic nucleus mainly receives input from the striatum and cerebral ...
basilar part of pons, anterior limb or genu of internal capsule, corona radiata, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebral peduncle The main symptoms are dysarthria and clumsiness (i.e., weakness) of the hand, which often are most prominent when the patient is writing; but dysarthria or involuntary movement can also be seen in legs. [5] Pure sensory stroke
As the GPi is one of the direct output centers of the basal ganglia, this causes disinhibition of the thalamus, increasing overall ease of initiating and maintaining movement. As this pathway only contains one synapse (from the striatum to the internal globus pallidus), it is known as the direct pathway .
It is part of the basal ganglia, which, among many other functions, regulate movements that occur on the subconscious level. The globus pallidus has a predominantly inhibitory effect on movement regulation, balancing cerebellar excitation. Pulsatile and regular interaction between these complementary systems allows smooth and controlled movement.
The basal ganglia are located bilaterally, and have rostral and caudal divisions. The putamen is located in the rostral division as part of the striatum. The basal ganglia receive input from the cerebral cortex, via the striatum. This is a transverse section of the striatum from a structural MR image.
The cerebellum and basal ganglia, play a role in fine, complex and coordinated muscle movements. [83] Connections between the cortex and the basal ganglia control muscle tone, posture and movement initiation, and are referred to as the extrapyramidal system .
Basal ganglia; Cerebellum; Hypothalamus; Amygdala; Brain stem. Medulla oblongata; Midbrain; Pons; Significant components: Arcuate fasciculus – neural pathway connecting the junction between the temporal and parietal lobes with the frontal cortex in the brain; Broca's area – region of the brain with functions linked to speech production
A standard test of cerebellar function is to reach with the tip of the finger for a target at arm's length: A healthy person will move the fingertip in a rapid straight trajectory, whereas a person with cerebellar damage will reach slowly and erratically, with many mid-course corrections. Deficits in non-motor functions are more difficult to ...
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