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In the Java programming language, the wildcard? is a special kind of type argument [1] that controls the type safety of the use of generic (parameterized) types. [2] It can be used in variable declarations and instantiations as well as in method definitions, but not in the definition of a generic type.
Iterative deepening A* (IDA*) is a graph traversal and path search algorithm that can find the shortest path between a designated start node and any member of a set of goal nodes in a weighted graph.
The star schema is an important special case of the snowflake schema, and is more effective for handling simpler queries. [2] The star schema gets its name from the physical model's [3] resemblance to a star shape with a fact table at its center and the dimension tables surrounding it representing the star's points.
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-63361-0. Malenfant, J.: On the Semantic Diversity of Delegation-Based Programming Languages, Proceedings of the OOPSLA95, New York: ACM 1995, pp. 215–230. Beck, Kent (1997). Smalltalk Best Practice Patterns. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0134769042.
The object pool pattern is a software creational design pattern that uses a set of initialized objects kept ready to use – a "pool" – rather than allocating and destroying them on demand. A client of the pool will request an object from the pool and perform operations on the returned object.
In Java and C#, the derived implementation is called, but some fields are not yet initialized by the derived constructor (although they are initialized to their default zero values). [11] Some design patterns , such as the Abstract Factory Pattern , actively promote this usage in languages supporting this ability.
The input–process–output model. The input–process–output (IPO) model, or input-process-output pattern, is a widely used approach in systems analysis and software engineering for describing the structure of an information processing program or other process.
In combinatorics, stars and bars (also called "sticks and stones", [1] "balls and bars", [2] and "dots and dividers" [3]) is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It can be used to solve many simple counting problems , such as how many ways there are to put n indistinguishable balls into k distinguishable bins. [ 4 ]