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Kilmainham Gaol housed prisoners during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21) and many of the anti-treaty forces during the civil war period. Charles Stewart Parnell was imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol, along with most of his parliamentary colleagues, in 1881-82 when he signed the Kilmainham Treaty with William Gladstone. [22]
She was known to draw portraits of the men and women she hanged on the wall of her lodgings with charcoal. [1] She was not the first hangwoman in Ireland, however; an unidentified woman hanged two men for murder on 13 November 1782 at Kilmainham. The men were also quartered. The sheriff received abuse for making a hangman of a woman. [3]
Memorial to the Republican insurgents executed by Free State forces at Ballyseedy, County Kerry, designed by Yann Goulet Plaque in Kilmainham Jail for the four Anti-Treaty IRA executed on 17 November 1922. The executions during the Irish Civil War took place during the guerrilla phase of the Irish Civil War (June 1922 – May 1923
Foley was arrested on the day Tom Clarke was executed and sent to Kilmainham gaol, after processing in Ship street barracks and then Richmond Barracks, with many other women. The women spent several months in Mountjoy Prison. Foley was sent to HM Prison Lewes with four other women.
They were then taken to Richmond Barracks and finally imprisoned with the rest of the women arrested in Kilmainham Gaol until 9 May. While she heard the executions their wardress originally told the prisoners that the shots were from ongoing fighting. Grenan continued her work for Cumann na mBan with her friend O'Farrell.
In March 1923 about 300 Irish Republican women were being held in various prisons in Dublin. [17] That month 97 women went on hunger strike in Kilmainham Gaol after all of their privileges had been denied without explanation (that hunger strike ended later in the month with the restoration of privileges). [18]
Guns and Chiffon: Women Revolutionaries and Kilmainham Gaol 1916-1923 (1997) Hard Lessons: The Child Prisoners of Kilmainham Gaol (2001) No Ordinary Women: Irish Female Activists in the Revolutionary Years, 1900-1923 (2003) [3] Easter Widows, the untold story of the wives of the executed leaders (2014) [14] Women 1916-Mná 2016 (2017) [2]
A total of 3,430 men and 79 women were arrested. 187 were tried under a series of courts-martial, and 90 were sentenced to death. 14 of them including all seven signatories of the Proclamation and were executed by firing squad at Kilmainham Gaol between 3 and 12 May.