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Many problems can affect the nose, including: Deviated septum - a shifting of the wall that divides the nasal cavity into halves; Nasal polyps - soft growths that develop on the lining of the nose or sinuses; Nosebleeds; Rhinitis - inflammation of the nose and sinuses sometimes caused by allergies. The main symptom is a runny nose.
The maxillary sinus can normally be seen above the level of the premolar and molar teeth in the upper jaw. This dental x-ray film shows how, in the absence of the second premolar and first molar, the sinus became pneumatized and expanded towards the crest of the alveolar process (location at which the bone meets the gum tissue).
Two rows of teeth are supported by facial bones of the skull, the maxilla above and the mandible below. Adults have 32 permanent teeth, and children have 20 deciduous teeth. There are various tooth shapes for different jobs. For example, when chewing, the upper teeth work together with the lower teeth of the same shape to bite, chew, and tear food.
Dental anatomy is a field of anatomy dedicated to the study of human tooth structures. The development, appearance, and classification of teeth fall within its purview. (The function of teeth as they contact one another falls elsewhere, under dental occlusion.) Tooth formation begins before birth, and the teeth's eventual morphology is dictated
Dental anatomy is dedicated to the study of tooth structure. The development, appearance, and classification of teeth fall within its field of study, though dental occlusion, or contact between teeth, does not. Dental anatomy is also a taxonomic science as it is concerned with the naming of teeth and their structures. This information serves a ...
The maxillary sinuses, the largest of the paranasal sinuses, are under the eyes, in the maxillary bones (open in the back of the semilunar hiatus of the nose). They are innervated by the maxillary nerve (CN V2). [2] The frontal sinuses, superior to the eyes, in the frontal bone, which forms the hard part of the forehead.
Problems with morphogenesis during embryonic development can lead to the mandibular fossa not forming. [2] This may be caused by mutations to SOX9 or ALK2. [2] If the mandibular fossa is very shallow, this can cause problems with the strength of the temporomandibular joint. [5] This can lead to easy subluxation of the joint and trismus (lock ...
With an offset septal nasal cartilage, the nose will appear crooked to the viewer. A crooked nose can block airflow coming from the nares to the lungs or vice versa. [4] This can lead to respiratory issues due to low oxygen but high carbon dioxide counts within the body. A surgical procedure to correct this issue is called septoplasty.