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Tree holes can be important in the maintenance and spread of some diseases, for example La Crosse encephalitis. [4] [5] [6] Hollows may be an adaptive trait for trees as animals provide the host tree with fertilizer. [7]
A tree throw or tree hole is a bowl-shaped cavity or depression created in the subsoil by a tree. They are formed either by the long-term presence and growth of tree roots or when a large tree is blown over (as a windthrow ) or has its stump pulled out which tears out a quantity of soil along with the roots.
Holes drilled by red-naped sapsucker in Platanus wrightii - an Arizona sycamore. Various animals can girdle trees through their feeding or others activities. In North America, trees are prone to damage by voles in particular girdling both their roots and trunk. [10] Among North American birds, the sapsuckers are the most common girdlers of ...
A treefall gap is a distinguishable hole in the canopy of a forest with vertical sides extending through all levels down to an average height of 2 m (6.6 ft) above ground. [1] These holes occur as result of a fallen tree or large limb.
Bark beetles enter trees by boring holes in the bark of the tree, sometimes using the lenticels, or the pores plants use for gas exchange, to pass through the bark of the tree. [3] As the larvae consume the inner tissues of the tree, they often consume enough of the phloem to girdle the tree, cutting off the spread of water and nutrients.
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The wasp bores 1 ⁄ 8 to 3 ⁄ 8 inch (3.2 to 9.5 mm)-diameter holes in the tree. Unstressed trees may be attacked uniformly along the main stem, while trees with low osmotic phloem pressure are preferentially attacked, with denser clusters of boreholes. [4]
Note: Most subscribers have some, but not all, of the puzzles that correspond to the following set of solutions for their local newspaper. CROSSWORDS