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  2. Methylene blue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene_blue

    Methylene blue has been described as "the first fully synthetic drug used in medicine." Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876 by German chemist Heinrich Caro. [69] Its use in the treatment of malaria was pioneered by Paul Guttmann and Paul Ehrlich in 1891. During this period before the first World War, researchers like Ehrlich believed that ...

  3. Cytochrome b5 reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_b5_reductase

    Additional studies have found that the use of methylene blue during pregnancy is associated with a high risk of small intestinal atresia, which can be fatal to the fetus. [24] It is recommended that treatment with methylene blue requires two doses before being deemed ineffective. If symptoms of methemoglobinemia are still present after the ...

  4. New methylene blue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_methylene_blue

    New methylene blue (also NMB) [clarify] is an organic compound of the thiazine class of heterocycles. It is used as a stain and as an antimicrobial agent. It is classified as an azine dye, and the chromophore is a cation, the anion is often unspecified.

  5. Phenothiazine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenothiazine

    The synthetic dye methylene blue, containing the structure, was described in 1876. Many water-soluble phenothiazine derivatives, such as methylene blue, methylene green, thionine, and others, can be electropolymerized into conductive polymers used as electrocatalysts for NADH oxidation in enzymatic biosensors and biofuel cells. [10] [11] [12]

  6. Diabetes medication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_medication

    Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Treatments include agents that (1) increase the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, (2) increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, (3) decrease the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and (4) increase the loss of glucose through urination.

  7. Amyl nitrite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyl_nitrite

    [21] [24] Treatment with oxygen and intravenous methylene blue frustrates visual confirmation further as methylene blue itself is, as its name suggests, a blue dye; the patient's changes in different shades of blue notwithstanding, it is an effective antidote by way of catalyzing the production of the enzyme responsible for reducing the ...

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